Summary HOPE on Earth Essay Example

Rundown: HOPE on Earth Essay He is an Australian preliminary researcher, voyager and author who commits his Intelligence on ecological supportability and preservation. This book features Impacts of human action to the earth. The quite burdens the earth. It advocates that individuals do need to change their practices for a more advantageous condition. In the accompanying passages, it will introduce this book outline to clarify how individual influences the earth with speculations; it will likewise introduce the study (quality and shortcoming) to this book. Book Summary Here On Earth: An Argument For Hope is an educated book to advocate natural protection. It presents rich history to clarify an advancement that animal types movement Impacts on condition. It gives accumulating contentions that investigate the connection between individuals endurance and condition. It additionally clarifies what the manageability Is. The creator hopes to raise a natural worry to individuals, it makes them insightful in managing ecological security. The book starts with a progression of conspicuous characteristic logical speculations. Charles Darwin imagined his persuasive hypothesis species development in 1858 after the journey of Beagle. The primary thought in the hypothesis expresses that person needs to change its propensities, practices and qualities, at whatever minute, it is to all the more likely off itself to a superior condition and adjusts the changing condition for endurance. The hypothesis explains the connection between the endurance and condition; encompassing of individual is changing after some time, with the end goal of endurance, it needs to change dependent on the dynamic natural condition. We will compose a custom article test on Summary: HOPE on Earth explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Summary: HOPE on Earth explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Summary: HOPE on Earth explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Richard Adkins was viewed as Darnings ancestor, It built up Its narrow minded quality hypothesis got from Darnings commitment. Adkins hypothesis accepted species had the be merciless self-centeredness to condition. The hypothesis represents a genuine result that the narrow minded quality prompts a circumstance overproduced assets for the endurance. Richard Adkins hypothesis is appeared as though a barbarous disaster in ecological result, as opposed to this thought, there is a success win hypothesis that is made by Alfred Russell Wallace, a British naturalist and scholar. Wallachs hypothesis centers around entire universe. It expresses that downpour, air, climate dust these common components are basic sources or conditions for living. His revelation presents that this world isn't the endurance of fittest (Darnings thought), rather, it is a related network. Basic this hypothesis, the creator set forward that collaboration between individual and condition is a condition to exist together. In light of these hypotheses, it draws out a contention about species endurance and condition. Made speculation and Gaga theory speaks to two distinct clarifications in this contention. In Made theory, species outrageous rivalry in endurance would prompt fiasco. Preferences, individual depletes all assets in the earth, the weariness can incite the species elimination and ecological disaster. Gaga theory clarifies earth has its self-controlled instrument to change condition continually. On the off chance that person wrecks a spot, earth would vindicate, likes desertification. Consequently, it recommends person ought to be well disposed and agreeable with condition for maintainable endurance. Consequently, the creator represents people exercises has affected nature. For example, use of atomic vitality, nuclear bomb can create considerable irradiative contamination in condition. The rising issue Green House Gas is a delegate guide to represent how people exercises influence the temperature change. The creator requests individual needs to change its ecological unsafe practices for feasible endurance. Evaluate Weakness One thing in this book needs to improve. The thing is about the deductions of Gaga theory. One of convictions in this theory, the earth has self-managed framework that can change condition to species endurance. Creator states Green House is a guide to clarify that condition change can influence temperature. Consequently, creator finishes up individual ought to help out earth for better endurance. Notwithstanding, there is no valid clear to demonstrate oneself controlled framework existed; it would be doubtful, regardless of whether oneself directed framework truly exists and it truly influences nature. In the event that one of things in this theory is distrustful, the unwavering quality of investigation to demonstrate this point, as opposed to relying upon huge subjective clarification. It can fortify the point by the applicable apparent. Quality Even however there is a shortcomings, this book is very accommodation, solid and doubtful. It has solid hypothetical establishment to break down birthplace of species, advancement and condition, for example, significant improvement of Darnings hypothesis, Made speculation and Gain framework. It has solid cases to help its contention. Preferences, the creator set up cases to exhibit fake poisonous substance fuels the earth; the BPCS (polycarbonate phenyl) is a poison to demolish the Gain framework. It additionally has the sound advancement in social reasons that influences the biological system. It expresses the overpopulation, neediness, overcompensation, extraordinary disparity among rich and poor ND so forward, these social issues are deterrents to greener and more beneficial condition. There is a point from a Journal likewise upgrade the contention. It closes two primary dangers to ecological supportability are populace development and financial development (York et al 2003). China is the biggest populace nation on the planet, and its populace is as yet extraordinary development every year; it implies that it supplies tremendous assets, (for example, food) to continue individuals endurance (York et al 2003). American monetary development causes contamination additionally, the vehicle dirtied discharge in America each ear is horrible (York et al 2003). All in all, this book conveys a rich hypothetical establishment and cases to address ecological issues. It starts with Charles Darnings development hypothesis to clarify species endurance influenced by unique condition. In this way, Made and Gaga speculation present two distinct perspectives on the species endurance. Creator applies the hypotheses to cases to clarify how people exercises change the earth. Generally, this book is extremely comfort and questionable, crowd is convinced to truly to act in securing its lone home earth.

Linguistics and Language free essay sample

In this paper, I will clarify just as think about two hypotheses of first language obtaining, behaviorism and innatism. I will investigate the contrasts between them in such classifications as the job of the student, the job of nature and just as their qualities and shortcomings. I will at that point state and clarify which one I discover increasingly reasonable with instances of significant writing. Job of the Learner Behaviorism, credited to B. F. Skinner during the 1950s, expresses that the student realizes nothing to begin with, he is a vacant record [o1] to be instructed. The student is detached and learns by positive-negative fortification, just rehashing what he hears. Innatism, credited to Noam Chomsky in 1965, states that the student is wired from birth for language. The student is outfitted with a LAD, a language obtaining gadget. This gadget permits the student to find the guidelines of his language, any language. We will compose a custom article test on Etymology and Language or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Job of the Environment Behaviorism expresses that the job of the earth is critical and imperative to the learning procedure. Nature is the dynamic specialist while the student is the inactive operator. Nature creates the fundamental language contribution for the student. It is dependent upon nature to give positive and negative support for the student. Innatism expresses that the job of the earth is negligible on the grounds that it just goes about as the trigger for learning. It is additionally thought the earth is defective and can’t be depended upon to consistently give immaculate data. Subsequently, it is dependent upon the student to discover the principles of the language[o2] . Qualities There are a couple of qualities to help the behaviorism hypothesis. It is anything but difficult to screen the learners’ execution. This is the way guardians (as instructors) typically show their kids, through supporting which puts accentuation on the job of the earth. This hypothesis can likewise clarify why students can remember. Then again, there are a few qualities of the innatism hypothesis. A student can't remember all the conceivable diverse language and sentence structure blends that he learns through nature. The LAD encourages the student to sum up rules and make his own innovative utilization of the language. A kid will oppose utilizing an unpredictable structure due to over-summing up, and he will make his own type of a word as indicated by the principles that he has disguised. Furthermore, these guidelines don’t essentially adjust to grown-up language structure rules which incorporate numerous special cases. By applying these disguised and summed up rules, a youngster can procure a language at a quick pace. [o3] Weaknesses The Behaviorism hypothesis just records for the presentation of the student, and not on his capability. The student is uninvolved, so this hypothesis doesn't concentrate on the learner’s brain and information. It additionally doesn't clarify why kids obtain a language so immediately regardless of whether they are presented to various situations. Moreover, this hypothesis likewise doesn’t offer a clarification of why kids over-sum up rules, for example, the basic past tense of unpredictable action words despite the fact that they hear sporadic structures in the earth. There are likewise a few shortcomings to the Innatism hypothesis. One of the principal shortcomings is that it requests the presence of the Language Acquisition Device (LAD), its reality is hard to demonstrate and is unlimited. This hypothesis additionally doesn’t consider various types of students, simply perfect students with perfect punctuation. The earth assumes a minor job in this hypothesis, so it doesn’t consider the social part of the student. My Opinion Looking at the two of these speculations, I discover the Innatism hypothesis the most viable. I would say with my kids and understudies, the students don't generally show my conduct. This normally happens with unpredictable examples, especially past tense action words. This is like the â€Å"wug† test where a kid will shape a past tense of an action word that he has never heard by applying the general language structure decides that he has learned. This conduct can't be retained and should be driven by an inner structure. Another motivation to help this hypothesis is that students with disabled insight have had the option to gain proficiency with the structure of language. It has additionally been demonstrated that American Sign Language which is instructed to the hard of hearing likewise has its own language structure. Furthermore, the formation of Creole dialects underpins the hypothesis. As a Creole creates, language structure and structure are inherent. The LAD would represent the arrangement of these dialects just as for inventive employments of language by a student. End In this exposition I have clarified two hypotheses of language obtaining, behaviorism and innatism. In doing as such, I have clarified the various jobs of the student just as nature. I have additionally investigated qualities and shortcomings of every hypothesis and why I bolster the innatism hypothesis over the behaviorism theory[o4] . [o1]Good one, I overlooked this in my article [o2]Do you figure you should specify destitution of upgrade here? [o3]ording? General syntax is worked off of two recommendations, that all dialects are administered by a lot of all inclusive standards, and that the brain is outfitted with parameters which are set naturally by the kid as per the language input they get. UG scientists have discovered various widespread standards. One of the more conspicuous standards is structure reliance. Structure reliance expresses that all sentences paying little heed to the language are worked off of recommendations that convey both a thing and an action word state; as such, every sentence in each language must have in any event a subject and an action word (Chomsky, 1959). One parameter setting that is contained in the LAD is the head setting. A few dialects, for example, English are head first, different dialects, for example, Japanese are head last. Different contentions have been utilized to help the presence of general language structure. Chomsky (1959) has proposed the destitution of the upgrade contention, placing that the info youngsters get can't represent what they produce, and in this manner, kids must have an intrinsic office. He contends that the info is damaged in two different ways; first it contains a mess of execution slips, and furthermore, it doesn't contain any negative proof. How do kids secure language when they don’t know what they can’t state, or how would they figure out how to talk effectively when the information they here is now and again in right? They do as such, as indicated by Chomsky, through this inborn limit. Jackendoff (1994) offers another contention on the side of widespread sentence structure, the contention from expressive assortment. Jackendoff contends that given that dialects are recursive, there is just no chance to get of putting away the entirety of the potential sentences one can make in one’s brain. At the end of the day, sentences don’t originate from propensities, yet rather from imaginative articulation. Widespread syntax has had a great deal of capital in language procurement hypothesis, in spite of the fact that it has been evaluated on certain fronts. Connectionists, especially, N. Ellis (2006) has contended that language procurement isn't because of an inborn personnel and the imaginative articulation of people, yet likens it to an utilization based methodology where kids learning piecemeal often reoccurring lumps of language. Another contention against the intrinsic language staff is that UG analysts have asserted that lone people approach sentence structure, yet this has been seen not as obvious. Certain creatures, for example, the humpback whale and warblers have been found to have a recursive sentence structure, proposing that linguistic structure and language may have advanced from lower request primates. Though widespread syntax starts with language from within, Sociocultural hypothesis, another conspicuous first language obtaining, places language securing starts all things considered. Vygotsky, the originator of sociocultural hypothesis, contends that language is a mental apparatus, which kids obtain and figure out how to control as they connect with their condition and with progressively proficient companions (Vygotsky, 1978). Youngsters initially learn language as they connect with their folks. Guardians use overseer discourse, which makes it simpler for the kid to comprehend and get a handle on a hang on the ideas of the language. As the youngster comprehends and produce basic expressions, they can utilize the language to intercede their mental working (Vygotsky, 1978). Vygotsky contends that kids start learning language by first learning single words, which are unadulterated significance. As they build up their language abilities, and take part in social discourse, single word sentences are expanded through joining of non-important components, for example, functionâ words, and the child’s contemplations and words start to grow more sense implications. For example, where the word ‘cat’ for the 1 or multi year old kid could have filled in as a model for all felines, when the kid is nine, and having experienced an assortment of encounters identified with feline, they have assimilated t he word with their own exceptional faculties. In this manner grammar and word faculties extend, the more a youngster learns. Presently, while social discourse started from one and formed into many, inward discourse, the discourse that goes on within our heads turns out to be increasingly shortened. Vygotsky contends, in spite of Piaget, that egocentric discourse doesn't ‘disappear’ rather it becomes disguised as internal discourse. What's more, this inward discourse is something that couldn't be comprehended by anyone however the individual who is thinking it. Vygotsky recommends that similarly as individuals who have known each other for a long time, and who have had a lot of encounters together display language inclinations of abbreviated punctuation in light of their recorded shared understanding, a person’s inward discourse additionally shows this trademark, yet even

Word of the Week! Draconian Richmond Writing

Word of the Week! Draconian Richmond Writing In ancient Athens, a title of leadership was Archon (a lawgiver) and one of these men was named Draco. Apparently, he was so strict in the laws he passed that he gave us our word of the week. I never before heard of draconic, shown by the OED to mean a severe code of law or something that pertains to dragons (quite severe in their way). That word in turn gave us    draconian, employed in English and some other languages for any really harsh law or penalty. Why the Star Trek image? Its from a favorite episode of mine, The Return of the Archons, largely about good intentions for law and order gone awry. In the show, a long-deceased scientist named Landru created   an artificial intelligence (also called Landru) with elements of his personality encoded in the software. Landru keeps a planets populace in check with Lawgivers that impose peace by absorbing independent thinkers into The Body of obedient and docile, if brainwashed, citizens. Draconianism seems to work, for a time. Even Jim Kirk and his crew are nearly stifled by it, but in the end, draconian laws and codes fail.   Landru blows a fuse. And as for Draco? Legends vary: he may have been smothered by his own supporters in a backfired attempt to show support for him, or he died in exile. Good intentions, indeed. Please nominate a word or metaphor useful in academic writing by e-mailing me (jessid -at- richmond -dot- edu) or leaving a comment below. See all of our Metaphors of the Month  here  and Words of the Week  here.

`` Nosedive `` Themes And Serves As A Strong Critique Of...

â€Å"Nosedive† addresses a different set of existential themes and serves as a strong critique of the modern age and the nature of being the Other. Within â€Å"Nosedive,† there is a world in which everyone is involved in a social media application that completely runs everyone’s life. After every interaction, people will rate one another on a scale of one to five. Everything from social status to one’s ability to rent a car is based upon the score. There are organizations devoted entirely to consultations on how to become more popular, gain more followers, and move up in these superficial ranks. The episode follows a weekend in the life of Lacie: a girl with 4.2 stars and a chronic desire for acceptance. She experiences the same events we all do†¦show more content†¦In the case of Lacie, morality is not the thing they follow blindly but the ratings. They remain entrenched in their technology and follow along that system as though there were no o ther alternative. In the same way that Nietzsche saw the people of his modern era as herd animals moving toward democracy, the people of Lacie’s time blindly move toward ratings. If they cannot attain those ratings they are excluded from the herd. This episode also shows a clear distinction between those with high-ratings and those who do not. This dichotomy is similar to the nature of being the Other as discussed by Simone de Beauvoir and Frantz Fanon. Each of these existentialists focused on applied existentialism- feminist existentialism and Africana existentialism respectively. Yet they share a common concept, one’s place is society is not determined by one’s essence so much as external factors like gender or race. The same can be applied to the rating system that is a core element of Lacie’s lived experience. In The Second Sex, Simone remarks on the female lived experience stating â€Å"In actuality the relation of the two sexes is not quite like that of two electrical poles, for man represents both the positive and the neutral, as indicated by the common use of man to designate human beings in general; whereas woman only represents the negative† (Beauvoir, Page xxi). While in Lacie’s wo rld there is certainly more

The Importance Of The Proper Amount Of Education - 855 Words

When the topic of what is the proper amount of education is necessary to becoming a caring and competent early educator comes up, I just have to laugh. In all honesty, there is no amount of education that will ever prepare a person for this type of profession. Don’t get me wrong, but the classes that I have taken and currently attending will only give me the foundation when I finally step foot into this field. The information in my textbooks lay down the recommended standards of being a professional educator. Within these recommended standards topics such as ethics, morals, diversity, etc all come up. In my opinion, it is very important for all early childhood educators to be naturally caring. If one chooses to work with young children, no book can teach you how to be caring. There could be guidelines that can help direct a person on the different techniques to become a caring early childhood educator. Caring is a natural reaction/function within a person. We would ho pe that all early childhood educators are caring, but many times we will run into a very small percentage of educator’s that, well let’s just say, they have lost their â€Å"caring† drive. I am positive if this happens it can be reversed. It might take a collegue reminding them of how much inspiration he/she has made a difference to those children they interact with on a day to day bases. It could also be a reminder of how many young lives that where forever changed by their caring actions theyShow MoreRelatedPreventing Dehydration During Exercise Essay960 Words   |  4 Pageseuhydration to hypohydration.† (p. 625) Athletic and physical education organizations often overlook the importance of proper hydration before, during, and after exercising. This is due to the lack of proper education about what is suitable hydration for sports practice sessions and competitive sessions/games. Although efforts are being made to educate athletes about the harmfuln ess of dehydration, some of the players still do not use proper hydration practices before, during, and after practice andRead MoreProper Hand Washing678 Words   |  3 PagesHand Washing Proper hand washing is the first line in defense against spreading bacteria and infections. Most individuals don’t understand the importance of simply washing their hands. The spread of countless diseases and infections could be avoided by engaging in a little more awareness. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the importance of hand washing, how hand washing can improve patient care, and to discuss how hand washing can be incorporated into patient education. Importance of Hand Washing Read MoreA Research Study On Hand Washing835 Words   |  4 Pagesoccur. Young children need to be taught the importance of hand washing because the connection between the spread of germs and handwashing as the prevention is not always understood. 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Intercultural Communication Interaction Between...

Introduction: Intercultural Communication refers to the interaction between different cultural communities; the sharing of information across language and cultures is known as intercultural communication. The main aim of this communication is to understand the different culture, tradition and interact accordingly. The intercultural literacy provides understanding and satisfaction in the communication. They are many problems which are faced due to lack of proper intercultural communication. In an article named English and Intercultural Interaction in the Internationalization of a Japanese University written by Liang Morita examines the interaction between international students and Japanese peers which clearly depicts the cultural difference and lead to the difficulties, frustration among students. 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Carry Out Business Activity and Installment Activity Statement Task

Question: Discuss about theCarry Out Business Activity and Installment for Activity Statement Task. Answer: Introduction: This paper aims to discuss about the provisions stated under Code of Professional Conduct in Australia regarding the income tax return lodging. The discussion is based on a specific situation and with this discussion, it has been tried to provide an advice regarding the income tax return lodging. Advice to the Client Lodging the income tax return on proper time (1st July to 31st October) is very important for an individual lives in Australia, otherwise it causes high amount of penalty to the individual. As per the provisions under income tax return lodging, the tax return for the previous year must be lodge in the assessment year (Ato.gov.au, 2016). However, in order to get an extended deadline, it is important to verify the tax history of the person. Tax return lodging extension may vary from individual to individual. A person can get the tax return extension only if the person has up to date tax affairs and who avails the services of the tax agent. However, if the person has any issue like unlodged income tax return in previous year or outstanding child support debts, The ATO may deny providing extension and in that case the person has to pay penalty (Etax.com.au, 2016). Conclusion In this study, it has been identified that income tax return is needed to be lodged on time that is in between 1st July to 31st October in each year. However, in order to avoid the penalty in late lodging, a person must have updated tax affairs and does not have unlodged report in the previous years. Reference List: Ato.gov.au. (2016). Ato.gov.au. Retrieved 17 August 2016, from https://www.ato.gov.au Etax.com.au. (2016). Etax.com.au. Retrieved 17 August 2016, from https://www.etax.com.au

Building Implementation Modelling

Use of technology is necessary for the designing industry to advance. The industry is fast moving away from old technologies to incorporate new and innovative technologies. When it comes to technologies used in designing, BIM- Building Implementation Modelling technology leads the way. This technology uses three-dimensional technology with design information (Underwood Isikdag, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Building Implementation Modelling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Through such technologies, buildings are first built virtually before they are erected on the ground. The stakeholders in the construction and design industry are always on the lookout for new technologies that may improve their businesses. This technology is often expensive making it only affordable to big companies. Documenting a design is a complex and painstaking process. This is also the most important part of a designin g or a construction project. Once this is done right, the rest of the project flows easily. Proper documentation of ideas can sometimes be a complex process. The first step when documenting ideas is to get a team in place. The professionals involved in the designing process should be assembled in a group. Then a leader in charge of the group is picked. The leader should be dedicated and have the capacity to encourage all the other members to contribute to the process. The next step involves picking a technology to be used in the documentation process. This technology should be financially viable and within the limits of the project’s budget. Some clients request for a specific technology. If that is the case, those specifications should be met. Sometimes more than one technology is used depending on the scope of the project. When documenting designs it is important to ensure the working environment is collaborative. Information should be shared throughout the process. Everyon e involved in the designing process should feel free to contribute new ideas. Documentation also requires the necessary hardware and software that can support it. Once all these requirements are in place, the visualization of the project starts. All the necessary information about the project is then documented sequentially. Purpose of Documentation There are various reasons why designs are documented. First, a designing team can alter a project at any instance during the documentation process (Yezioro, Dong Leite, 2008). Appropriate documentation allows this to be effected without interruptions. When these changes are made early, they require few resources and minimum input. Documentation allows the team to straighten out high cost structural problems before the building project starts.Advertising Looking for research paper on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Documentation makes sure ideas are captured at the ti me of their conception. At this time, the ideas are fresh and easy to probe. Documenting ideas allows the creative process to progress fast. Where there is no documentation, the design team might be stuck on one idea and not realize it. One of the main reasons for documentation is to have all the necessary information in a central point. Documentation encompasses information about modelling styles, client’s preferences, costs, schedules, and geometry related information. When this information is readily available, the project is easy to implement. Documentation makes communication among those in charge of the project easier. Whenever there is a change in the design, it can be communicated to all the involved parties through documentation. This makes the designing team’s work easier. In addition, designs can also be completed on time. Over –Documentation The current documentation process is state-of-the-art and incorporates the latest technology. This includes th ree-dimensional technology and the ability to convert two-dimensional models to 3D models. However, the current practices might result in over-documentation. Under the current practices, some of the documented information is inconsequential and only complicates the process. Technology and Design The level of technology shapes the designing process. At present, different levels of technologies are being employed in designing methods. Therefore, it can be concluded that technology is changing the designing process. One of such technology is the digital technology. It is probably not possible to come up with a design today without incorporating digital technology. For this reason, advances in digital technology have a direct impact on the designing process. Technology is changing the way architecture is taught. Designing is now taught in fragments, and this gives rise to specialties within the discipline. A student’s ability to understand digital technology is important to help him/her grasp designing concepts. As digital technology changes, so do the curriculums used to teach designing. The other aspect of technology that is changing the designing process is the advancement of network communications. Through advanced networks, designers are able to carry out the designing process remotely. For example, designing ideas are exchanged and sent to other designers for improvements. Such a collaborative environment has a huge impact on designing given the success of a design depends on the availability of several contributors.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Building Implementation Modelling specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Visualization technology has changed many aspects of day-to-day life. This includes the designing profession. Visualization allows a designer to understand, explore, and communicate designing information. This technology includes animation, rendering, and 3D mod elling. These tools are changing the way designs are conceptualized and presented. One of the most significant changes is the one brought about by use of three-dimensional technology. Through this technology, building models are able to offer close representations of the actual projects (Gross, 1995). This modelling is very popular when presenting designs to clients and it is all made possible by changes in technology. Future Designs Future designers will most likely depend purely on computer software. Fifty years from now the role of a designer will be minimal with computer software doing the rest of the work. This means apart from conceptualizing and visualizing a design, the rest of the work will be performed by software. This might threaten the existence of the designing profession. This is because a client will value the software’s input more. Therefore, armed with the necessary computer skills, anyone will be able to come up with a viable design of his/her own. As oppos ed to the situation today, where the designer performs most of the work, fifty years from now computers will have taken over most of the designer’s current duties. For instance, this software will have incorporated almost all of the design templates a novice designer can conceptualize (Domeshek Kolodner, 1992). This might mean that clients with no need for original designs will be able to forego the services of a designer. In retrospect, if the designs of the time might have evolved immensely. This will ensure the designing profession survives the software’s incursion. The curriculum used to train designers may be changed to incorporate other original skills. There is always a fear of designers being overwritten by technology. However, experiences have shown that humans change in accordance with the technology. The same fears were present a few decades ago, but the designing profession still stands as strong as it did in the medieval times. References Domeshek, E Kol odner J 1992, Artificial Intelligence in Design, Gero Publishers Netherlands, Kluwer.Advertising Looking for research paper on architecture? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gross, M 1995, Drawing Analogies – Supporting Creative Architectural Design with Visual References, Heron Island, Sydney. Underwood, J Isikdag, U 2009, Handbook of Research on Building Information Modeling and Construction Informatics: Concepts and Technologies, Information Science Publishing, New York. Yezioro A, Dong, B Leite F 2008, â€Å"An applied artificial intelligence approach towards assessing building performance simulation tools†, Energy and Buildings, vol. 40 no. 4, pp. 612-616. This research paper on Building Implementation Modelling was written and submitted by user Paityn Cantu to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Technology effect essays

Technology effect essays In the article Cybergrace: The Search for God in the Digital World, ¡ Jennifer Cobb wonders if a collective and self-reflective intelligence,  ¡Ã‚ °God ¡ isn't embodying itself in cyberspace. She observes the God-like nature that humans may gain in cyberspace and warns that we must proceed with caution. To me, the only thing I could think about with technology is it ¡Ã‚ ¯s ability to make almost anything possible such as, genetic engineering, nanotechnology, robotics, and increasing computer power, decreasing computer size. In last decades, the modern technology industry relies very explicitly on faith that the software will work, that the demo won't crash, and that the market will keep going up. Technology is technology; it is a means for communication and transportation over space, and nothing more. Technology that plays a significant role in all aspects of my life today, for example a computer, allows me to use technology benefits me by enhancing my learning capabilities and development in my college education. As a future engineer, the technology makes our life much easier, and it can be a powerful tool for educational use. During my high school years, or even now, a computer is the one of instructional tools that provides the discovery and exchange of information, communication, exploration, learning, and teaching. However, after I read Cobb ¡Ã‚ ¯s article, I must admit a little concept as I begin to see a growing awareness of spirituality in our relationship to machines even in this most secular of worlds. At first, this article starts comparing unlikely subjects that is the Internet and the divine, in Cobb's able hands, a seamlessly woven web of connection. Cobb urges us not to abandon the online world to commercial forces but to realize that "through the medium of computation, our spiritual experience can be extended in profound ways."(160) She proceeds toward an in-depth discussion of the nature of divinity. ...

How do real business cycle theorists go about explaining the sources Essay

How do real business cycle theorists go about explaining the sources of business cycles What are their main conclusions - Essay Example Under the technical innovation, RBC models were developed with the aid of a method called calibration. (Quiggin, 2009). Sources of Business Cycle In 1986, Edward Prsescott, argued in an article that business cycles in USA, after the World War II resulted from the random changes in the business sector productivity. He justified his argument by proving that upswings in economic activity resulted from an above average growth rate of productivity while downswings resulted from a below average growth rate of productivity. In doing so, Prescott openly challenged the then prevalent notion that business cycles were triggered by monetary and financial disturbances (Chatterjee, 1999). There are numerous ways of measuring total output and one such way is to measure the total value added in all the domestic firms. The total output tends to change when productivity of workers changes or the effectiveness of the equipments used increases. Thus an increase in the effectiveness of workers and equipm ent leads to the value-added and is known as total factor productivity (TFP). TFP increases majorly as a result of improvements in technology and increase in worker productivity. TFP can also change when the price of an imported raw material changes or when new products are developed through investments in Research and Development (R&D) or when natural calamities destroy agricultural output (Chatterjee, 1999). When the TFP increases, it signals to the firms that they can benefit immensely from hiring more labor and installing more equipment. To make good use of such opportunities, firms invest heavily in buildings, equipment and hire a lot of workers. Additional income is generated in the economy and the overall output rises and people tend to consume more. These favorable trends in macroeconomic variables such as consumption and investment are used by RBC theorists to explain a boom (Chatterjee, 1999). There are other sources of fluctuations in the RBC, such as changes in taxes and government spending, tastes, government regulation (such as laws to protect the environment and minimise wastage by factories), terms of trade and energy prices. When government spending increases such as expenditure on infrastructure and transfer payments, firms are encouraged to set up production plants and increase economic activity, and consumption of households also increases. Investment, government spending and consumption are the elements of aggregate demand and they are directly related to output: an increase in these elements results in an increase in the overall output of an economy. The graph below shows this as an outward shift of the aggregate demand (AD) curve from AD to AD1, with the corresponding increase in output from Q to Q1 (McGrattan, 2006). In RBC theory, technological distrubances are discussed at length because the fluctuations caused by technological disturbances resemble the actual economic fluctuations a lot. According to Kydland and Prescott’s mod el, when households respond optimally to changes in technology, fluctuations occur (McGrattan, 2006). In a traditional business cycle, consumption and leisure move in opposite directions: when one increases, the other decreases. During the boom period, consumption

Marketing strategy assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing strategy assignment - Essay Example Without the accurate market information, introduction of a new product is likely to fail. This step ensures that the company confirms the actual state of the consumer market (Ferrell, 2012). It actualizes what the market really needs, the features desired, pricing, motivation to buy and distribution channels. These are important aspects in the decision making process. The research conducted on the market revealed that the market was eagerly waiting for the introduction of the new product mainly to be used in social places such as bars, restaurants and offices. Timing This is the second stage in the marketing process that ensures all elements in the marketing process are integrated. The production of the new product should be complete before it is a launched to avoid loss of sales and credibility in the product (Ferrell, 2012). There have been numerous cases in history where the marketing of a new product has failed owing to the fact that the product manufacturing lags behind the laun ch of the new product. This explains the reason why the company was not willing to take chances with the manufacture of the Toeopener that is why a number of units were produced before the product was launched. Capacity The company should ensure that it has the required resources in terms of inputs and personnel to keep up with the manufacturing process if the introduction of the Toeopener is successful. Testing The new product has to be tested in the market to ensure that its features are in line with the customers’ need (Ferrell, 2012). This is establishes whether the customers are willing and able to pay the set price. Additionally, it ensures that the distributors are comfortable to sell and market the product. Distribution The company... The company decided to come with a clear marketing process to ensure successful sales for the new product in the Canadian market. To begin with, there are various reasons why the introduction of a new product in the market.Marketing research is the first step in the introduction of a new product. Without the accurate market information, introduction of a new product is likely to fail. This step ensures that the company confirms the actual state of the consumer market.The new product in the market mainly targeted to be used in social places with frequent activity and a high number of visitors. The first segment that is targeted by the introduction of the product is homeowners who would like to have an easier time while opening doors in their homes. However, this may be the smallest segment, as most homeowners prefer opening and closing their doors normally. Bars are the second segment in the consumer market. This is because bars have high numbers of clients and the Toeopener makes ope ning the door efficient and easier for them. The third segment is the restaurant owners who find the device highly convenient since they also have a high number of clients. The Toeopener also minimizes the spread of germs across surfaces in the restaurants since no one gets to handle the doorknob or handle using their hands. The final segment of clients is offices that have a high number of visitors and a high level of activity. It is much easier for the workers to open the door while carrying a pile of files.

Analysis of organization British airways

Analysis of organization British airways The details about the organization overview and organization process of the British airways. First it look at the company profile and history of the organization including organization chart to give overview of the organization it focus on the organization process like (1) changes within the organization (2) organizational culture (3) Recruitment, Training, Job placement and promotion policy. How these process are related and affected to each other. Finally, it will give recommendations for the organizations to deal with organizational process in future. Company profile: British Airways is the UKs largest international scheduled airways, which provides international domestic services for cargo and cargo. British airways which are approximately compromise 150 destinations in 75 countries. It includes Asia, Africa, North and Eastern Europe (plus the Eastern Mediterrean), Western Europe, North America, Central and Latin America (plus Sweden). The head quarter of the British airways is located in London. Gatwick airport and London Heathrow airport is the main hubs for British airways. British airways had more than 280 aircrafts, which is mainly for boeing jets and Airbus and it has more than 40,000 employees to work for a company (Hoovers 2006). Organizational chart: The structure of the organization is fat type because it has one level of hierarchy that separates the directors at top from bottom line employees. (Buchanan D. Huczynski A., 2004). Mr. Willaiam and M. Walsh is the head of the company, presently he are working as a chief executive. The British airways organization departments are includes planning, Engineering, Flight operation, Investment and Alliances, IT, Law, Finance, HR, Ground operations. History of British airways: British airways and imperial airline are merged together at the beginning of Second World War. The two airlines formed new subsidy companies. This is British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) to operate short haul service in Europe (Papadogiannis, 2006). In 1980 British airways ran in the financial problems and Sir John King (CEO) was appointed to handle privatization and it was succeeded in 1987. (Datamonitor 2005). Objectives of British airways: Like all the business one of their first main objectives was to maximizing profits. However after September 11th they had to change their aim to having an increasingly in security and they needed to keep their customers safe. Objectives to increase profit by the end of the tax year 2009: A British airway is planning to increase profit by the end of the tax year 2009 than the last year profit. The last year profit was  £694 million. Annual reports of 2006/2007 shows that they had 148.3 million customers are within the UK. They need to monitor regularly the customers amount that they fly with them. Perhaps giving such as offerings on certain flights to increase their promotions. Changes within the organizations: The factors of the organizational change can be categorized into two factors. (1) External trigger and (2) Internal trigger. The first factor External trigger is innovations of competitors, requirements, and changes in customers, government policies and legislations. The second factor is Internal trigger it includes appointment of a new senior manager, new product and service design innovations, new ideas about how to deliver services to customers. (Buchanan D. Huczynski A., 2004). By the external and internal trigger have impacts on British airways, the company is responded by initiating privatization program to change ownership from government to private sector. According to Lewins change, changes within the organizations will occur in 3 stages. The first stage is unfreezing. The second stage is Movement to develop new behavior. And the third stage is Refreezing which is stabilizing change at the new level (Mullins, J., L., 1999) Human Resource Management policies in world airline industry: For the past 15 years there has been undergoing the research on the human resource policies and competencies differentiating the business performance. Companies are looking for the ways to gain a competitive advantages and the implication of human resource policy choices for companies performance is certainly to the key factor recently researches of the business strategy turned their attention into international attributes of the top companies looking at the industry is likely to evolve; and the way how that the evolution can be exploited to earn a profit. The greater and the extent to which of these assumptions and hypothesis are reflects accurately. The international airline and hypothesis is currently following with the similar trends. HRM policies in British airways: Human resource management policies are followed by the British airways in 1980s before and after privatization by the British government. When the British airways are in public ownership it had been unprofitable in the financial year of 1981/82 and it suffered in a severe financial loss. Following the market research showing that the airlines passengers were dissatisfied with its service. In 1982 British airways launched on extensive campaign called putting people first for all of 12000 staffs who had direct contact with customers. Up to 150 staffs at a time from baggage handlers to engineers and pilots took a part in servicing customers and later the campaign were extended so that eventually all of British airways staffs attended one of the events. Customers first teams were set up to look at the ways to improving customer service. Memberships of the team cuts across to the organizational boundaries with staff from different sections are working together for the ten years later 75 of the teams were still actively working. On 1990s British airways had come to focus on key performance indicators as a principle tool for managing staff. These were six such indicators for its managers: leaderships, communication business competence, managing performance, valuing others and customer focus. These are the basis of decisions about the manager selection pay and performance management. Further market research shows that the customers satisfaction with the quality of British airways service has increased. Since British airways moved to spectacular profit from financial loss over the period when these initiatives took place (in 1995 February recorded profits reported of  £443 million with total passenger of 23.7 million, and it had 65600 staffs are early 2000). The human resource initiation of its financial success has been partly attributed. However it should be noted that some of the problems are lingered. In common with all the airlines are operating to the transatlantic routes of the attack on the world trade center in September 2001. Despite in Human resource management initiatives of a staff survey in 1992 shows that the staff rates British airways poorly as the employer for sustaining a work environment that attracts develops committed employees and retains. British airways also lost a damaging strike following an attempt to impose a new pay deal on its staf f without negotiation in the mid of 1997. British airways Raises Retirement Age: On 24th march 2006, British airways change its New Aircrafts Pension Scheme (NAPS). For the recent joiners, including chief executive Willie Walsh who joined in 2005 May, British airways Retirement Plan (BARP) has been available. The New Airways Pension Scheme (NAPS) has 33,794 active members, 15,185 pensions and 20,269 deferred. There is no increase in staff contribution values for the final salary pension scheme in British airways earned. But, there will be the changes under the new proposals to members benefits relating to future service. Key changes to future services are: For cabin crew members normal retirement age raised from 55 to 60 years initially. For pilots normal retirement age raises from 55 to 60-65 years. Such countries like USA and France remove the restriction on older pilots overflying them. Pensionable pay increases not more than the inflation. On retirement capped pension increases every year at 2.5 percent. Chief executive Mr. Willie Walsh said, this is the solution that will provide for the future affordable pensions. The airline will make a payment of  £ 500 million into fund after the changes accepted. The company will have paid towards the past deficit by December 2006 on top of the  £ 350 million. Mr. Walsh added: The future benefits are changes to members will reduce the anticipated deficit by the  £ 480 million. And also they may able to make contributions for future service can afford. British airways cut management jobs: On 30th November 2005- British airways announced plans to re-structure the business on March 2008 by cut 35% (357). This includes: Reduction of 50% from 414 jobs to 207 on senior managers. And reduction of 30% from 1,301 to 911 on middle level management jobs. British airways chief executive Willie Walsh said that when we reported our second quarter financial results last month that our costs were needed to re-energies our efforts to deliver a competitive cost base. The management job reductions are intended to reduce British airways costs by  £ 50 million as part of its  £ 300 million to cost reduction program on 2007 march. The number of senior manager reduction will be phased: 23% (94) of top executives left the business on 31st March 2006. After the next two years more jobs go with the 50% target to achieve on 2008 March. On March 2006 30% reduction in middle manager should be developed and communicated. British airways are going to cut jobs for cabin crew and introduce two year freeze pay. British airways were lost  £ 401 million last year and they announce earlier last month that they would need to cut 2,000 full time jobs. During the recession the British airways instead press ahead with plans to recruit news staffs on different terms and conditions to the current employees in an attempt to save costs. On 25th June 2009, British airways announced almost 7,000 British airways staffs has volunteered to take unpaid leave, voluntary pay or part time working cuts as part of companys plans to cut costs. British airways chief executive Willie Walsh said, It is a fantastic first response. I want to thank everyone who has volunteered to help us to pull through this difficult period. Walsh himself has agreed to not to take salary during the July month. The latest news of the British airways is British airways staffs are unwillingly agreed to work in new schedules with reduced staffed pending. British airways are presently battle with the unions over changes to jabs and pay. They want to cut cabin crew staffs on long-haul flights from 15 to 14, this changes imposed from 16th of November. Privatization in British airways: A British airway has a change within its organization which is privatization project in 1980s. The company faced the financial problem at that time. The long term debt which is more than  £ 1 billion, and the British government not willing to give public money to wipe out companys debt because of the criticism fear. Then for these reasons British airways decided to make changes within the organization. (Shibata, K., 1993). This privatization made the British airways to change many things in the organization such as mission statement, corporate culture, and organizational structure and so on. Retirement, Training, Job placement, Promotion policy: British airways were considered to be bureaucratic, awkward, inefficient and large in the past. According to privatization, it changed corporate culture from militaristic and bureaucratic to market-driven and service oriented which it made the company to effective in the airline industry. (Poole, R., 1988). These changes which are also involve in HR policy as following. Recruitment, job placement policy: Recruitment and job placement policy are involved in Refreezing stage to Lewins model. According to the stage, British airways have to stabilize the changes and make the behavioral pattern in the organization. British airways needed improve and redesign the recruitment policy and the process in order to increase the new employees who is able to share organizational new value system and management style. (Goodstein., D., L., Burke, W., W., 1991). To achieving these objectives, British airways changed the job placement policy and recruitment which is supported by the diversity concept and equity to identify the right candidates to fit in a new system. Employee recruitment scheme and process: In recruitment and job placement policy, British airways developed recruitment methodology it is looking at the competencies including skills, knowledge and behavior using these competency based interviews made British airways to ensure those candidates will be in success in their jobs and they will fit in to the new organizational system. Selecting right people to work in business field, British airways needs to focus on strong leadership qualities, high motivation, team working skills, passion for customer service and so on (British airways 2006). There for, British airways developed assessment methods in job placement and recruitment process for senior level positions and new entry-level such as the interviews, presentations, role play, group exercises, fact finding psychometric tests (British airways 2006). Training and promotion policy: Privatization transformed British airways to more service airline industry that emphasize on servicing customer. According to unfreezing stage, British airways had stop to introduce new behavior and present pattern and culture of employees. So British airways launched new training program is putting people first for the bottom line employees. And for management-level-employees British airways has introduced a training program Managing people first (Goodstein., D., L., Burke., W., W., 1991). Putting people first program According to corporate goal British airways wanted to be The worlds favorite airline in airline industries. At the time of privatization British airways changed them self to be marker-led company rather than a process-driven company as it had in the past. Putting people first training program is aim to create employees awareness of competition, market place, and to educate employee to know the awareness of team work. As a result of this training program make the organization to reach goal in order to be best and most successful company in the airline industry (Street, M., 1994). Managing people first program: In the second stage of changes in British airways, they needed to bring vision of top management into his employee. For the management level of employees they were implemented during this stage was the special training program Managing people first. The module of the special training program includes support team, training, active senior management participation, multi source feedback and linked performance appraisal system. After participating the management level training program made British airways to have a new leadership to focus on servicing customer and this key factors in better customer retention and it increase more revenue (Tosti, T., D. Jackson, F., S., 2006). Employee promotion policy: British airways changed to private company successfully in 1987, because of one factor that facilitated changes in organization which is Employee promotion policy. British airways used promotion policy to top management levels to promote employee who was the role model of the new British airways values in higher level. This strategy was used to promote employees in top management levels to value in organization. (Goodstein., D., L. Burke, W., W., 1991). Organizational culture: Organizational culture is to consider each organization to how the things are doing around here because each and every organization has different values, belief and different culture. But we can easily explain about the organization culture is the collections of traditions, attitudes, policies, beliefs and values. (Mullins, 1999). Culture changes in British airways: For the organization culture is very important for setting creating tradition and organizations internal and external environments are change, an organization must adapt its present culture and in the order to survive the industry (Salama, A. Easterby-Smith, M., 1994). Recommendations: It is not easy for any organization; it is a general acceptance to make changes into structure and systems. Sometimes leads to have a resistance from its employees to make any changes in the organization. There are four reasons of resistance to organization change from employee including 1) Misunderstanding and lack of trust, 2) Low tolerance for change, 3) Contradictory assessments, 4) Parochial self-interest. (Buchanan D. Huczynski A., 2004). British airways try to change behavior both in organizational level and individuals, such as changing the management style from participative and authoritative. Sometimes new behavior or pattern makes employees to unfamiliar and awkward that it can make them to slip and reject back to the comfortable pattern instead. British airways needed to have more participation in the management decision; but it difficult decision arises; it may not be possible to get it difficult decision arises; it may not be possible to get a consensus decision. (Good stein., D., L. Burke, W., W., 1991). In the British airways history, British airways used tactics to manage resistance and conflicts mostly were HR policy such as training policy. The effective tool to educate employee is HR policy and convenience them to comply with new system. For example, to many new competitors emerged to overcome during 1990s with incumbents in the airline industry such as Easyjet and Ryanair. The CEOs of British airways declared the organization may need the second revolution. British airways tied with American airlines by sourcing new alliance to reducing labor cost in both core staff and non-core staff by recruiting newly hired employees on lower pay to replace the existing staffs, and restructuring payment system. And some of the employees felt that is unsecured and unfair on their jobs. (Wilkinson, A. Grugulis, I., 2002). Many of the organizations including British airways desire to make the changes in their organization when problem arise and they make changes successfully in the less conflict way and harmless. In the past, British airways used often HR tool such as recruitment, training policy and manpower planning to reduce assistance and facilitate changes in organization. Another way to changes in organization is change agent the change agent is a person who leads the project change by planning, researching and building business support. (Bhardwaj, M., 2003). Change agent is an external consultant that the organization hires her/him to take the responsibilities for a specific project. (Buchanan D, Huczynski A., 2004). But the internal consultants have narrow view and more bias. The external agent is another way to handle the project change effectively. Conclusion: A British airway has a long history regarding the organizational changes in the worlds leading airline industry. British airways adapt itself such as value, belief, corporate culture and company mission to improve the organizations performance because of external and internal pressure. HR policy is the most popular tool to handle and facilitate changes and resistance in the organizational. A British airway is successful in privatization in 1987; but during that time there was a strike occurred, which gave an expensive lesson to British airways in 1990s. Finally, organization to facilitate changes is to use change agent which is better to external consultants better than the internal consultants.

Sound and Image in Motion Pictures Essay -- Sound Image Movies Films E

Sound and Image in Motion Pictures Motion pictures and television are audio-visual mediums and so of course engage both our visual and aural senses. The meaning and emotion of a piece is commonly thought to come from the image and that the sound at best just duplicates the meanings from the image. For example Aaron Copland has said that a composer can do no more than" make potent through music the film's dramatic and emotional value." (http://web.archive.org/web/20041210081146/http://citd.scar.utoronto.ca/VPAB93/) Sound does however perform much more important, intricate and complex functions than commonly accepted. Sound combines with moving pictures in various ways to create meaning but is diverse and has numerous other uses. This essay will show ways that sound enhances and creates meaning in combination with moving image as well as showing some of the many other possible functions of sound use combined with this medium The sound track is produced separately from the image and includes three ingredients: Dialogue/voice, sound effects and music. The three elements of the sound track can work together and independently to create meaning and to produce different effects. Music combines with, adds to and enhances moving image in many ways. It can heighten and refine emotion as well as meaning. Music, through tone and instrument selection can create the mood of a piece and of and towards its characters. Music is commonly used to give a sense of continuity and unity to a production and to possible sequels. Music can give a sense of time and place as well as to help create the ambience or feel to a piece. Another function of music is to create, replicate and increase or decrease the sense of rhythm to and of a piece. Music can act as a precursor to events in a story and also to direct the audience to a particular part/s of the image. Finally music can work independently and in combination with sound effects to give a sense of genre, time and setting. One way music combines with moving images to create meaning is through leitmotifs. A character, group of characters or action has a motif that explains who the good guys or bad guys are or that a specific type of situation or action is about to unfold. In Star Wars the rebels have a powerful, uplifting victorious sounding leitmotif that combines with the clothing worn by the rebels and ot... ...und. Composer Leonard Rosenman said, " There is a symbiotic catalytic exchange-relationship between the film and the music that accompanies it†¦. musically unenlightened people comment positively on a score after seeing the film. I have played these same people the same score without telling them that it came from the film they had seen. Their reactions ranged from luke-warm to positive rejection†¦" (http://web.archive.org/web/20041210081146/http://citd.scar.utoronto.ca/VPAB93/) Bibliography Bordwell, D, Thompson, Kristin. , (1990), Film Art, McGraw-Hill Bordwell, D., Thompson, K., Staiger, K., (1988), The Classical Hollywood Cinema: film style and mode of production to 1960, London, Routledge,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Blandford, S. et al. (2001), The Film Studies Dictionary, London, Arnold. Gibbs, J., (2002), Mise-en-scà ¨ne, London, Wallflower Rene, C. , (1951), Reflexion faite: Notes cinematograhique, Paris: Gallimard. Stam, R. (2000), Film Theory: An Introduction, Oxford, Blackwell Publishers.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Web References: http://web.archive.org/web/20041210081146/http://citd.scar.utoronto.ca/VPAB93/ http://lavender.fortunecity.com/ hawkslane/575 /dialogue-and-sound.htm

Membranes: Cell Membrane and Purple Dark

Cell Membranes and Transport Hands-On Labs, Inc. Version 42-0033-00-01 Lab Report Assistant This document is not meant to be a substitute for a formal laboratory report. The Lab Report Assistant is simply a summary of the experiment’s questions, diagrams if needed, and data tables that should be addressed in a formal lab report. The intent is to facilitate students’ writing of lab reports by providing this information in an editable file which can be sent to an instructor. Exercise 1: Diffusion ObservationsData Table 1: Rate of diffusion in different temperatures| | ? C| Minutes| Temperature| InitialTemp. | InitialColor| 5| 10| 15| 20| 25| 30| 60| Cold| 3| white| white| white| white| white| white| white| Mostly white some blue| Ambient| 25| white| blueish| Light blue purple| blue purple| blue purple| purple| purple| Dark purple| Hot| 96| white| purple| DARKpurpleple| Dark purple| Dark purple| Dark purple| Dark purple| Dark purple| Questions A. Write a one-paragraph ana lysis of the results for the procedure. Provide reasons for the difference in the rate of diffusion at the different temperatures.The results of this lab were greatly influenced by the temperature of the KI solution. The bag placed in the heated solution began to change color (from white to light purple) almost immediately and changed to dark purple within 7minutes. The second bag in room temp. solution took about 5 minutes to see a slight change in color (from white to light blue) and about 20 to turn dark purple. The third bag in the cold temp. solution barely changed color at all at the end of the hour (bluish tint. ) According to the text (p. 68), â€Å" Because the driving force for diffusion is the kinetic energy of the olecules themselves. The speed of diffusion is influenced by molecular size ( the smaller, the faster) and by temperature ( the warmer, the faster). † Through this lab experiment we were able to see that diffusion did happen faster in the warm water by s eeing the fastest change in color of the contents inside the baggie. B. Did the sizes of the molecules affect their movement? Yes, the smaller the molecules (KI) were able to permeate thru the bag where as the bigger molecules (water) and corn start could not permeate thru the membrane bag due to their large size. C.Give an example of diffusion between: a solid and a liquid; a gas and a liquid; between two different solids. (solid/solid) Gold and lead- over time, molecules of lead will diffuse into the gold and vice versa. (solid/liquid) Sugar and water- Sugar will dissolve in water. (Gas/liquid)Perfume and air- the scent will spread. Exercise 2: Osmosis Observations DataTable 2: Potato Mass| Contents in TestTube| Initial Mass of Two Potato Strips| Final Mass of Two Strips| MassDifference| % Change inMass| Class Average Percent Change in Mass (if available)| a) Distilled Water| 3. g| 5g| 1. 4| 38%| | b) 1. 0 M Sucrose| 3. 4g| 2. 1g| -1. 3| -38%| | c) 0. 8 M Sucrose| 3. 6g| 2. 1g| -1 . 5| 42%| | d) 0. 6 M Sucrose| 3. 5g| 2. 6g| -. 9| -25%| | e) 0. 4 M Sucrose| 3. 5g| 3g| -. 5| -14%| | f) 0. 2 M Sucrose| 3. 4g| 3. 7g| . 3| 9%| | Questions A. Describe how the potato cylinders changed in their turgidity. Identify which of the solutions were isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic in relation to the potato. a) Distilled Water| No change in turgidity. Hypotonic solution. | b) 1. 0 M Sucrose| Very turgid. Hypertonic solution. | ) 0. 8 M Sucrose| Turgid. Hypertonic solution. | d) 0. 6 M Sucrose| Moderately turgid. Hypertonic solution. | e) 0. 4 M Sucrose| Slighty turgid. Hypertonic solution. | f) 0. 2 M Sucrose| No change in turgidity. Hypotonic solution. | B. What would happen to a red blood cell placed in distilled water? Why? Distilled water is a hypotonic solution which means in contains no solutes. According to the text (p. 72), â€Å"Cells placed in a hypotonic solution plump up rapidly as water rushes into them. † This means that a RBC would eventually pop. C .Create a graph of your experimental data by plotting the percent change in potato mass against sucrose molarity. Label the x-axis as â€Å"Molarity of Sucrose,† and the y-axis as â€Å"% Change in Mass. † D. Determine the molar concentration of the sucrose contained in the potato strips by using the graph created in question C. At the point where the molar concentration of the sucrose in the potato would be isotonic to the sucrose, there would be no net change in the potato mass. On the graph, this is located at the 0% change. Draw a line from this place on the y-axis to intersect the line.From the line draw a line down to the x-axis to find the molarity. Molar concentration of sucrose in potato = . 3 M Exercise 3: The Effect of Solvents on Membrane System Observations Data Table 3: Color Intensity from Damaged Beet Cells| TestTube| Solution Treatment| ColorIntensity0 – 10| Condition of Beet (turgid, flaccid, etc. )| a| 70% Isopropyl alcohol| 10| Very flacid| b | 35% Isopropyl alcohol| 7| bendable| c| 17. 5% Isopropyl alcohol| 3| Less firm| d| Distilled Water| 0| Very firm. | Questions A. What is the reasoning behind the use of egg whites?How does this part of the experiment relate to membranes? Egg whites would provide a lipid layer mimicking the cell membrane layer of a cell. Also egg white are largely composed of water this would also mimic the cell membrane. B. What do the results of test tube e tell about the effect of isopropyl alcohol on egg whites? The effects of the alcohol on the on the egg whites were that it made the chunky as almost if they had been cooked. C. What do the results of test tube f tell about the effect of isopropyl alcohol on oil?How does this relate to membranes? The oil sinks in relation to the alcohol. This is related to membranes due to the hydrophilic and hydrophobic aspects. Lipids arrange so that the hydrophobic â€Å"tail† regions are isolated from the surrounding polar fluid, causing the more hydr ophilic â€Å"head† regions to associate with the intracellular (cytosolic) and extracellular faces of the resulting bilayer. D. Based on the results from test tubes a through d, which of the solutions caused the most damage on the membrane system? Explain your answer.The solution with the highest concentration of Isopropyl alcohol cause the most damage to the membrane because exposure to high concentration of organic solvents would disrupt membrane integrity. E. Using the same data collection method, develop a hypothesis and use the scientific method to design an experiment that would show the effect of temperature stress on membranes. Extreme temperatures, mainly -5? C and 70? C, will significantly damage the cell membrane while the temperatures closer to room temperature will cause only slight damage, if any.

Interesting Animals in the Wild - 743 Words

Poison dart frogs are small, rainforest-dwelling, poisonous frogs. The frogs, although deadly in the wild, when kept in captivity they are not poisonous. The reason for this is that there are ants in South America and Hawaiian islands that provide a massive amount of the frogs’ toxicity. The dart frogs, sometimes called poison arrow frogs, are usually 1.5 cm, and are brightly colored to ward off predators. Usually these frogs can lay eggs at 12 months of age, although it varies slightly based on habitat. The eggs take 13 days to hatch. The poison dart frog, depending on the habitat, can live to be 6 to 17 years old. Ball pythons are one of the largest breeds of snakes and are constrictors, which means they squeeze their prey until it stops breathing. They are non-venomous, meaning they do not produce poison; pythons do not attack humans unless anxious or aggravated. Pythons lay eggs that are about 3 inches long and that vary in width proportional to the mother’s width. The female can lay any number from 2-10 eggs in one clutch, with the average being 6. Ball pythons are named this for their tendency to curl up into a ball to protect its head when frightened. Ball pythons can live to around 20 years. The oldest captive Ball Python was 48 years old when it died. There are many types of salmon that live in numerous different places. This specific type of Salmon lives in the Pacific Ocean and is the largest species that lives there; it is diadromous, which means a salmon willShow MoreRelatedHow Cool Would It Be A Tiger As A Pet?1633 Words   |  7 PagesHow cool would it be to have a tiger as a pet? Is a mere dog not interesting enough? Well, who said a chimpanzee cannot be a man’s best friend? As cool as it may seem to have an exotic creature as a pet, the responsibilities to take care of it are very demanding and expensive. Having that animal as a pet would mean you know its diet, its natural habitat, and its capabilities. 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